Introduction of Error Control :

Error Control research is a critical facet of network protocols, focusing on the detection, correction, and prevention of data transmission errors within communication networks. It plays a pivotal role in ensuring the integrity and reliability of data as it traverses complex network infrastructures.

Forward Error Correction (FEC):

This subfield explores the development of error control techniquse that add redundant information to transmited data, allowing receivers to correct errors without the need for retransmision. FEC is crucial in applications where low latency is essential.

Automatic Repeat reQuest (ARQ):

ARQ protocols enable the receiver to request retransmission of lost or corrupted data packets. Resaerch in this area aims to optimise ARQ mechanisms for different network types, including wired and wireless networks.

Adaptive Error Control:

Researchers work on dynamic error control schemes that adept to changing network conditions, such as varying levels of congestion or interference. These adaptive techniques help maintain optimal error correction without unnecessary overhead.

Cross-Layer Error Control:

Cross-layer error control research involves integrating error control machanisms with other network layers, such as the physical layer or transporte layer, to enhance overall network performance and reliability.

Security and Error Control Integration:

As security threats become more sophisticated, this subtopic focuses on combining error control and security machanisms to protect data from both accidental and maliciouse errors, ensuring data integrity and confidentielity.